Dab tsi yog qhov txhais ntawm hemostasis?
Hemostasis yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem physiological uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj xyuas kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Hauv blog no, kuv yuav delve rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm hemostasis, nws cov txheej txheem, thiab ntau yam khoom muaj los txhawb cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb no.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm hemostasis
Hemostasis yog txhais raws li lub cev cov lus teb rau lub cev kom tsis txhob los ntshav thiab tswj cov ntshav hauv cov hlab ntsha puas. Nws yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab tswj tau zoo nrog cov txheej xwm sib koom ua ke los tiv thaiv cov ntshav ntau dhau thiab txhawb kev kho qhov txhab. Lo lus "hemostasis" yog muab los ntawm Greek lo lus "heme," txhais tau tias ntshav, thiab "stasis," txhais tau tias sawv ntsug.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm hemostasis tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb theem tseem ceeb: vascular spasm (vasoconstriction), platelet plug tsim, thiab coagulation.
Vascular Spasm
Thawj theem ntawm hemostasis yog vascular spasm (vasoconstriction), uas tshwm sim tam sim tom qab cov hlab ntsha puas lawm. Thaum cov hlab ntsha raug mob, cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov hlab ntsha sib cog lus, ua rau cov hlab ntsha constrict. Qhov no constriction txo cov ntshav ntws mus rau qhov chaw puas, txo cov ntshav poob. Cov lus teb no yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv zos xws li tso tawm cov tshuaj los ntawm cov hlwb puas thiab cov paj hlwb reflexes.
Platelet Plug Tsim
Qhov thib ob theem yog tsim los ntawm platelet plug. Platelets yog me me, disk- zoo li cov hlwb hauv cov ntshav. Thaum cov hlab ntsha puas lawm, platelets ua raws cov collagen fibers nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Qhov adhesion no yog kho los ntawm cov protein hu ua von Willebrand factor. Thaum ua raws li, cov platelets tau qhib thiab tso cov tshuaj xws li adenosine diphosphate (ADP) thiab thromboxane A2. Cov tshuaj no ua rau cov platelets nyob ze ua nplaum thiab sib sau ua ke, ua rau platelet ntsaws ntawm qhov chaw raug mob.
Coagulation
Qhov thib peb theem yog coagulation, los yog ntshav txhaws. Coagulation yog ib qho nyuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzymatic uas ua rau tsim cov fibrin clot. Fibrin yog cov protein uas tsim cov mesh- zoo li cov qauv, ua rau cov qe ntshav liab thiab platelets kom ruaj khov ntawm cov platelet ntsaws. Lub coagulation cascade muaj xws li txoj kev intrinsic (activated los ntawm tej yam nyob rau hauv cov ntshav) thiab extrinsic txoj kev (activated los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg yam ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg puas). Ob txoj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov X, ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm prothrombin rau thrombin. Tom qab ntawd thrombin hloov fibrinogen mus rau fibrin, tsim ib qho chaw ruaj khov.
Peb cov khoom hemostasis
CE Marked Hemostatic Particles
Peb CE Marked Hemostatic Particles siv microporous polysaccharide hemospheres (MPH). Cov khoom no ua los ntawm kev ua kom lub cev qhuav dej: lawv nqus dej sai sai ntawm cov ntshav, tsom cov khoom siv xws li cov qe ntshav liab, platelets, thiab cov proteins ntawm qhov chaw los ntshav. Qhov no tsim cov gelatinous matrix uas muab lub cev tiv thaiv thiab txhawb nqa lub ntuj tsim.
Hemostatic Gauze (Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose)
Peb cov ntaub ntawv muaj xws li hemostatic gauze ua los ntawm oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC). ORC yog cov khoom siv biodegradable uas ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib pauv ion. Thaum sib cuag nrog cov ntshav, nws tso tawm gluconic acid, tsim kom muaj pH ib puag ncig uas tsis muaj protein ntau thiab ua kom lub coagulation cascade. Nws kuj tsim ib qho chaw ruaj khov, gel-zoo li huab hwm coj ua raws li qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab, muab lub cev tiv thaiv.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hemostasis hauv cov chaw sib txawv
Hemostasis yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv ntau qhov chaw kho mob thiab xwm txheej ceev. Hauv cov txheej txheem phais, kev ua haujlwm zoo hemostasis yog qhov tseem ceeb los txo qis ntshav, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem, thiab ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov kws phais neeg vam khom cov tshuaj hemostatic thiab cov txheej txheem los tswj cov ntshav thaum ua haujlwm.
Hauv kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev, hemostasis sai tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej -txuag kev cuam tshuam. Thaum muaj kev raug mob hnyav, xws li phom phom lossis xwm txheej loj, kev tswj cov ntshav sai yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv kev poob siab thiab txhim kho cov neeg mob ciaj sia.
Tiv tauj peb rau kev yuav khoom
Yog tias koj txaus siab rau cov khoom hemostasis lossis muaj lus nug txog hemostasis, thov hu rau peb rau kev sib tham txog kev yuav khoom. Peb pab neeg muaj nyob rau muab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog peb cov khoom thiab lawv daim ntawv thov.
Cov ntaub ntawv
Guyton thiab Hall Phau Ntawv Qhia Kev Kho Mob Physiology, 13th Edition.
Robbins thiab Cotran Pathology Basis of Disease, 10th Edition.
Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 20th Edition.