Hauv kev phais mob kho mob thiab kev kho mob muaj kev mob siab, kev xaiv cov khoom siv hemostatic ncaj qha kho cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Tam sim no cov ntaub ntawv hemostatic muaj xws li collagen, microporous, microccharidide, gelatin, oxidized cellulose, thrombin, thiab lawv txoj kev npaj. Txhua hom ntawm hemostatic cov khoom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev nqis tes ua, nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb, kev txwv, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tau txais kev tsim. Kab lus no sib xyaw thiab tshuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus hemostatic cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lawv cov tshuab, cov txiaj ntsig, thiab cov tsis zoo.
1. Collagen Hemostatic Cov Ntaub Ntawv
Mechanism:
Txhawb platelet cov adhesion thiab ua kom ua kom nrawm dua cov txheej txheem sib xyaws.
Qhov Zoo:
Tsawg heev o, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kub ntxhov ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg puag ncig.
Lub voj voog kev ua kom haum luv (<8 weeks), suitable for scenarios requiring rapid degradation.
Ua tau zoo hauv kev tswj hwm loj-cheeb tsam parenchymal los ntshav (piv txwv li, mob siab thiab mob plab).
Qhov tsis zoo:
Cov neeg yug tsiaj txhu yuav ua rau cov lus teb tsis raug mob lossis cov neeg muaj mob.
Kev siv ntau lawm siv cov nyiaj txiag kev lag luam ntau.
2. Microporous polysaccharide (Starch \/ Chitosan) hemostatic cov ntaub ntawv
Mechanism:
Siv ib lub vev xaib kom zoo nkauj rau Adsorb kev sib sau ua ke, nrawm qhov kev sib cav ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thiab platelets, thiab txhim kho endogenous caum.
Qhov Zoo:
Molecular sab cib txawv cuam tshuam zoo kawg cov adsorbs coagulation yam thiab exudate.
Haum rau kev tswj kev mob ntshav (piv txwv li, hauv orthopedics thiab hlawv).
Yooj yim siv tsis muaj qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb pretricatment.
Qhov tsis zoo:
Kev HyGrocopicity ntau dhau yuav txo cov adhesion hauv zos.
Txwv kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv kev tswj cov nplooj poob sai.
3. Gelatin (Daim txhuam cev \/ Gel) hemostatic cov ntaub ntawv
Mechanism:
Muab lub pob zeb rau lub cev los txhawb cov ntshav txhaws kev tsim.
Qhov Zoo:
Lub sijhawm nqus tau nruab nrab (4-6 lub lis piam), tau tshaj lub dag zog hemostatic cov neeg sawv cev (piv txwv li, thrombin).
Ua tau zoo rau lub nkoj me me los ntshav (piv txwv li, neurosurgery, Kev Kho Hniav).
Neutral pH ua kom zoo cov ntaub so ntswg tau txais.
Qhov tsis zoo:
Kev nqus dej nqus thiab nthuav dav tuaj yeem muab cov hlab ntshav ua kom haum lossis tshem daim txhuam cev.
Contraindicated nyob rau hauv vascular kab nria vim muaj kev phom sij emb ntawm embolism.
4. Oxidized Cellulose \/ Resenerated Oxidized Cellulose
Mechanism:
Txhawb nqa cov ntawv tsim los ntawm lub cev matrix thiab ua kom pom cov nyhuv tiv thaiv me me vim nws cov acidity tsis muaj zog.
Qhov Zoo:
Kev hemostasis sai sai, tshwj xeeb yog tsim nyog rau kev siv cov xwm txheej qhuav (piv txwv li, phais plawv).
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antimicrobial pab txo cov kab mob kev pheej hmoo rov qab.
Degradable tsis pub dhau 2-6 lub lis piam, nrog cov tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo.
Qhov tsis zoo:
Kev qaug zog acidity yuav induce cov hauv nroog.
Tsis sib haum nrog tshuaj lom neeg hemostatic (piv txwv, thrombin), txwv nws daim ntawv thov ntau.
5. Pauv
Mechanism:
Ua haujlwm ncaj qha Fibrinogen hloov mus rau hauv fibrin, nrawm qhov sib ce cagulation cascade.
Qhov Zoo:
Qhov pib sai, haum rau capillary thiab me me ntshav los ntshav (piv txwv li, Kev phais mob General, phais yas).
Kev thov hloov pauv yooj yim, xws li txau lossis cov tsis muaj zog hauv zos.
Qhov tsis zoo:
Tsiaj txhu-muab los sisbin (piv txwv li, qhov chaw bovine) tuaj yeem ua rau kev ua xua lossis thrombosis.
Tib neeg-derived thrombin yog contraindicated rau cov neeg mob rhiab rau tib neeg cov ntshav cov khoom.
6. Fibrinogen-Purombin Txoj Kev Sib Tw
Mechanism:
Kev sib txawv ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov ntsiab lus ncaj qha ncaj qha ntxias cov kev sib txuas nrog ua ib lub network ruaj khov.
Qhov Zoo:
Hemostatic kev txiav txim, zoo tshaj rau kev pheej hmoo los ntshav cov xwm txheej (piv txwv li cov khoom siv hloov nruab nrog cev, cov vascular anastomosis).
Npaj-rau-siv yam tsis muaj kev ua ntej.
Siab nqus tau nrog cov biocompatibility zoo.
Qhov tsis zoo:
Kev txwv siab tus nqi cuam tshuam ntau yam siv.
Muaj peev xwm muaj feem yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntshav vim yog cov kabmob tsis tau ua tiav.
Tag
Hauv kev xaus, qhov kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom lag luam hemostatic suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
Cov khoom siv hluavtaws yuav tsum tau yuav maj mam hloov cov khoom siv tsiaj.
Multifunctional hemostatic cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tiv thaiv kev ua kom zoo nkauj, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg txhawb zog yuav tsim kho.
Tus nqi tswj yuav ua tau ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv, nrog kev siv zog kom txo cov nqi ntawm high-kawg biomaterials los ntawm kev tsim khoom loj.
Kev yoog raws cov ntaub ntawv raws li cov hom los ntshav thiab cov chaw anatomical yuav tau ntsiab lus.
Nrog rau kev nce qib tsis tu ncua hauv cov khoom science thiab bioengineering, cov ntaub ntawv hemostatic, yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb dua, muab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo dua rau kev kho cov ntawv thov phais.